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How risk is assessed and described in an FCA

Risk may be relevant to an FCA when a difficulty could lead to harm or prevent an activity from being carried out safely. The report needs to explain the situation and the evidence, rather than rely on labels such as high risk without detail.

Risk is one consideration in an assessment. A person does not have to demonstrate a dangerous incident for every support need to be legitimate.

Describe what is known

An incident that occurred, a concern reported by someone and a risk identified through clinical reasoning are different types of information. The report should distinguish them.

Useful detail includes the activity, the circumstances, how often the situation occurs and what the consequence was or could be. Where dates or frequency are uncertain, say so rather than make the account appear more precise than it is.

For example, a report about falls should distinguish a documented fall from a person's concern about falling. Both may be relevant, but they support different conclusions.

Include what already reduces the risk

Equipment, routines, environmental changes and assistance may be preventing incidents. The absence of a recent incident does not automatically show that those arrangements are unnecessary.

At the same time, the report should not assume that every existing arrangement is the only appropriate option. It needs to explain the function of each safeguard and consider alternatives where relevant.

A person should not be asked to stop essential support or attempt an unsafe activity to prove that a risk exists.

Make the clinical reasoning explicit

An OT should explain any safety conclusion or recommendation that the assessment supports. If assistance, supervision or further assessment is recommended, the report should state why and describe the limits of the evidence.

For example, a recommendation concerning overnight assistance needs information about what happens at night, how often help is required and what response is needed. A general daytime interview may not resolve every part of that question.

Where there is not enough information to recommend a particular arrangement, the report should identify what is missing rather than leave the reader to guess.

Keep choice and rights in view

People make choices that involve some risk. An assessment should consider the person's preferences and proportionate ways to support participation, not assume that preventing every possible risk overrides those preferences.

Restrictions on movement or access can raise separate restrictive-practice requirements. They should not be presented as ordinary solutions without appropriate specialist consideration and safeguards.

Sensitive information should be recorded for a clear purpose. Ask how it will be used and shared. Privacy obligations include circumstances where disclosure is permitted or required by law; confidentiality should not be promised without those limits.

Further information

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Quick answers

How is risk described in an FCA report?

The report should explain the situation and the evidence rather than rely on labels such as high risk. It should distinguish an incident that occurred, a concern reported by someone and a risk identified through clinical reasoning.

Do I need to have had an accident for a support need to count?

No. A person does not have to demonstrate a dangerous incident for every support need to be legitimate. A person should not be asked to stop essential support or attempt an unsafe activity to prove that a risk exists.

Does the absence of recent incidents mean support is unnecessary?

No. Equipment, routines, environmental changes and assistance may be preventing incidents. The absence of a recent incident does not automatically show those arrangements are unnecessary.

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